KKH Archives -

Danyore Suspension Bridge

admin / October 27, 2018

Danyore Suspension Bridge: A Gateway to Gilgit’s History In the heart of Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan, lies a hidden gem called the Danyore Suspension Bridge. The bridge not only stands as a testament to engineering prowess but also weaves a tale of resilience and connectivity. The Danyore Suspension Bridge, a venerable structure, boasts a rich history that has etched its name in the annals of Gilgit’s development. Bridging the Gap Gilgit’s Historical Connection Before the Karakoram Highway breathed life into this region in 1978, Gilgit-Baltistan remained an isolated territory, isolated from the rest of the country. Poor infrastructure compounded the hardships of its residents. Gilgit, the bustling administrative hub, magnetized people from far and wide for various reasons. People had to travel to Gilgit for education, employment, trade, healthcare, or other pursuits. However, those residing to the south of Gilgit Town, separated by the Hunza River, faced daunting challenges in reaching the town. Prior to the introduction of the local raft (Jaalo) in 1945, the journey to Gilgit involved a lengthy detour. It would consume nearly an entire day—a stark contrast to the mere 15 to 20 minutes it takes today. Pioneering Vision The pressing need for a bridge became apparent. The residents of Danyore and the southern regions rallied together to generate a substantial fund of Rs. 20,000 in the late 1950s. The initial attempt to construct a suspension bridge ended in tragedy. The Hunza River, in its capricious nature, washed it away due to its close proximity to the riverbed. Undaunted, the community selected a higher location for a new bridge. Each household contributed both funds and construction wood, culminating in the successful completion of the present-day suspension bridge in 1960. A Lifeline for Generations For over half a century, the Danyore Suspension Bridge has been a reliable conduit for travelers to Gilgit, mitigating the hardships faced by frequent commuters. Unlike the local raft, which operated only during daylight hours, the bridge provided round-the-clock, hassle-free passage, significantly enhancing the quality of life for residents. The Art of Construction Masterful Craftsmanship The bridge’s construction was overseen by Ahmed Ali, popularly known as “Thikedar Bereno,” a celebrated builder and self-taught engineer from Hunza, renowned for his exceptional construction skills, particularly in bridge projects throughout Gilgit-Baltistan. Work on the Danyore Suspension Bridge commenced in 1957 and concluded in 1960. The primary tasks included erecting the bridge over the Hunza River and excavating a single-lane curved tunnel to the south, connecting to Danyore—a remarkable feat accomplished by local laborers without sophisticated engineering equipment. A Spectacle to Behold Situated nearly 2 km upstream from the confluence of the Hunza River and the Gilgit River, the bridge was initially designed for mini-vehicle use until the construction of an alternative concrete bridge. The western end of the suspension bridge leads to the KIU campus, providing access to Gilgit town, while the eastern end connects to a single-lane tunnel on the Danyore side, joining the Karakoram Highway. The bridge’s location, length, and design render it one of the world’s most spectacular bridges. Crossing the bridge and navigating the tunnel requires technical finesse, putting local drivers’ skills and nerves to the test. A Transition into the Present Regrettably, the Danyore Suspension Bridge has been closed to conventional transportation due to safety concerns, now exclusively accessible to pedestrians and motorcyclists. A nearby concrete bridge has been constructed to accommodate all types of traffic. Attraction Reimagined In 2018, the Danyore Suspension Bridge underwent a transformative renovation. The approach roads on both ends of the bridge have been revitalized and adorned, transforming it into a tourist hotspot. On the Gilgit side, a significant Buddhist rock carving site awaits exploration, adding to the bridge’s allure. The nearby Chinese Graveyard, situated on the KKH, beckons as a must-visit tourist attraction. Both elevated vantage points offer spectacular views of the bridge, which stands gracefully in its lower setting. Walking across the bridge or simply gazing at its majesty promises an unforgettable experience for every visitor. The Danyore Suspension Bridge stands not only as a structural marvel but also as a testament to human determination. Its rich history, remarkable construction, and current appeal as a tourist destination make it a cherished part of Gilgit’s heritage. As travelers and tourists flock to this iconic site, they become a part of the ongoing legacy that this bridge represents.

Gilgit-Baltistan

Collision Point of Continental Plates

admin / September 9, 2018

Exploring the Collision Point of Continental Plates near Chalt Valley In the heart of Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan, lies a hidden geological wonder: the collision point of continental plates. The site is located on the Karakoram Highway, just 53 kilometers north of Gilgit town. This extraordinary site has a rich history and undeniable significance. The intriguing collision of Indian and Eurasian continental plates gave birth to the majestic Himalayan mountain range and the Tibetan plateau some 50 million years ago. The Ancient Tectonic Drama: The Genesis of a Geological Marvel Over 40-50 million years ago, the Indian subcontinent was in fact an isolated landmass. It was basically separated from Asia by the vast Tethys Ocean. As tectonic forces began reshaping the Earth’s surface, India embarked on a northward journey towards Asia. This movement, which commenced around 200 million years ago, witnessed India covering a staggering 6,400 kilometers while remaining disconnected from the Asian continent. Around 50 to 40 million years ago, the pace of India’s northward drift gradually slowed to a more deliberate 4-6 centimeters per year. This deceleration marked the onset of a momentous collision between the Indian and Eurasian continental plates. The Birth of Majestic Peaks As the Indian plate eventually collided with the Eurasian plate. As a result, geological forces unfolded a remarkable transformation. The Eurasian plate crumpled and buckled above the Indian plate, eventually leading to the thickening of the continental crust. This dramatic upheaval gave rise to the towering Karakoram Mountains, proudly adorning the landscape of Gilgit-Baltistan. The crust in this region, therefore, is twice as thick as the global average, marking the cessation of volcanic activity. To this day, the Indian plate continues its northward push into the Eurasian landmass, causing these majestic mountains to ascend by about seven millimeters each year. Unlocking the Geographic Treasure Regrettably, the profound geographic significance of the collision point of continental plates remains largely unknown to the people of Gilgit-Baltistan. It remained unnoticed until recently when informative signboards were installed for the benefit of tourists and locals alike. These signboards particularly serve as educational tools, shedding light on the area’s significance. However, there is untapped potential here. The site, with its unique mountain formation, could become a prominent picnic spot, attracting visitors from far and wide. Moreover, remnants of the ancient Silk Route can still be observed on the other side, hinting at the region’s historical importance. Plans to renovate the ancient Silk Route are in the works, with the aim of promoting tourism in this captivating region. The Mystical Realm of Local Beliefs Locals have bestowed upon the collision point a name of its own, Bidru-Kha. However, mostly “Chalt Xhang” mostly signifies its threshold-like existence. This unique site is steeped in local legends and traditions. For instance, as a bride and groom pass through this point on their wedding day, locals perform sacrificial rituals involving chickens, goats, or other animals to appease the spirits. Additionally, local shamans believe that this place serves as a portal connecting three worlds: the realm of spirits or the upper world, the material human world, and the underworld of souls and the deceased. This spiritual significance adds another layer of intrigue to this already fascinating location. A Weather Oracle Beyond its geological and cultural significance, the collision point also plays a role in weather prediction. The climatic conditions above this particular point serve as a barometer for the lower parts of the Hunza Valley. An overcast sky may signal impending rain, while patches of blue amidst the clouds suggest clear skies ahead. The collision point of continental plates near Chalt Valley is a multifaceted wonder. It embodies the Earth’s tumultuous history and offers a glimpse into local traditions and legends. At the same time, this site even plays a role in forecasting the weather. As awareness of this unique site grows, it has the potential to become a must-visit destination, drawing adventurers, geology enthusiasts, and curious travelers from around the world.

Blogs, Gilgit-Baltistan, Roads & Highways

The Karakoram Highway

admin / May 2, 2016

Exploring the Karakoram Highway: A Journey Through History and Scenic Beauty The Karakoram Highway (KKH) stands as a testament to human determination and engineering feats. It connects China and Pakistan via the Khunjerab Pass, situated at an awe-inspiring altitude of 4,733 meters. This epic roadway is not just a trade artery but also a legendary tourist attraction. It offers a captivating blend of historic landmarks, cultural diversity, and breathtaking natural beauty. For adventure enthusiasts, embarking on a journey along the KKH is an absolute thrill. Traversing Pakistan’s Section: A Scenic Odyssey The KKH adventure begins in Hasanabdal, Punjab, Pakistan. It stretches across an impressive 887 kilometers until it reaches the Khunjerab Pass at the Pak-China border. Along this route, the highway meanders through the rugged terrain of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK). It then follows the course of the Indus River and gracefully navigates the Karakoram and Pamir Mountains. Eventually, it meets the Chinese segment at Khunjerab Pass. In China, this remarkable highway is known as the Friendship Highway. Due to the harsh conditions it was built, it is sometimes referred to as the “Eighth Wonder of the World.” Unveiling the Route: A Glimpse into the Length The total length of the Karakoram Highway spans approximately 1,300 kilometers, with 887 kilometers in Pakistan and 413 kilometers in China. While the new route doesn’t exactly replicate the ancient Silk Route, it closely follows the same region, reviving the spirit of this historic trade network. The construction of the KKH came at a significant human cost, with both Pakistani and Chinese laborers toiling relentlessly to complete each kilometer of this ambitious project. Chinese workers who lost their lives during construction are honored at the Chinese cemetery, China Yadgar, in Danyore near Gilgit. Historic Roots: A Glimpse into the Past Historically, the Karakoram Highway was a vital caravan trail, serving as one of the branches of the ancient Silk Route. Over centuries, traders, pilgrims, warriors, and common folk traversed this route, ushering in profound changes in the social, cultural, and economic aspects of the region. The Saga of Construction: Overcoming Challenges Before the Karakoram Highway was built, the northern areas, now known as Gilgit-Baltistan, attracted the interest of the Russians, Chinese, and British, owing to its strategic significance. However, access to the region was a formidable challenge. In the 1800s, the British, who were in power, aimed to bolster their authority by constructing an all-weather communication infrastructure along the Indus. Realizing this vision was no small feat. Initially, the British improved an old Srinagar foot track, transforming it into a mule track. Later, a seasonal passage was established through Chilas, crossing the Babusar Pass to connect to the Kaghan Valley. Unfortunately, this passage remained open for only about six months a year during the summer. Following the partition of the subcontinent in 1947, the Srinagar road was permanently blocked. This period saw the northern areas divided into several states under local rulers. In 1958, the Indus Valley Road (IVR) project was conceived to create an all-weather road link between Swat and Gilgit. Construction commenced in 1959 as a joint venture between the two governments. Then, in 1966, a Sino-Pak agreement transformed the IVR into the Karakoram Highway. Despite financial constraints and the outbreak of the war between Pakistan and India in 1971, China’s invaluable support enabled the project to continue. Originally planned to stretch from Thakot to the Khunjerab Pass, the entrance point was later shifted to Hasan Abdal, and the project was completed in 1979. The highway was finally opened to the public in 1986. During construction, approximately 800 Pakistanis and 200 Chinese workers lost their lives, primarily due to landslides. Unofficial estimates suggest an even higher toll. The Chinese workers were laid to rest at the Chinese Graveyard in Danyore near Gilgit. A Path to Reconstruction: Upgrading the KKH In June 2006, Pakistan’s National Highway Authority (NHA) and China Road and Bridge Corporation (CRBC) signed an MoU to upgrade the KKH, expanding its overall width from 10 to 30 meters. This expansion aimed to accommodate heavy-duty vehicles, even in extreme weather conditions. Although construction took place, the width remained largely unchanged from the original design. During the construction phase, a significant event occurred on January 4, 2010, known as the Attabad incident. A massive landslide in the Attabad valley of Hunza damaged a section of the highway, creating a 23-kilometer-long lake and disrupting travel along the Karakoram Highway. To restore the road link between Pakistan and China, the construction of tunnels along a revised 24-kilometer route began in July 2012 and was completed in September 2015. This realigned route featured five tunnels and a bridge, rejuvenating the connection between the two countries. The Geopolitical Significance: A Strategic Artery The Karakoram Highway traverses a region marked by towering mountains and geological complexities, where China, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, and Pakistan converge within a 250-kilometer radius. Due to the intricate Kashmir conflict between India and Pakistan, the KKH holds strategic and military importance for these nations, especially Pakistan and China. Beyond geopolitics, the Karakoram Highway has significantly bolstered trade and tourism between Pakistan and China. The construction of the highway resulted in uplifting the living standards of the local population. The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is set to bring substantial economic gains to the region, with plans to connect the Karakoram Highway to the southern port of Gwadar in Balochistan through the Chinese-aided Gwadar-Dalbandin railway, extending to Rawalpindi. Discovering Tourist Gems: Treasures Along the KKH The Karakoram Highway has earned international acclaim as a niche adventure tourism destination. Beginning in Hasan Abdal, about 50 kilometers from Rawalpindi city, this dual-carriage asphalt ribbon departs from the dusty plains of Punjab, embarking on a journey through the lower Himalayas of Hazara district. As it heads north, it winds through numerous captivating natural and historic sites, ultimately reaching the Pakistan section’s culmination at the Khunjerab border in the upper Hunza valley. This 887-kilometer stretch of the Karakoram Highway in Pakistan is a diverse tapestry of tourist attractions. From the