Exploring the Majestic Deosai National Park: Nature’s Paradise in Pakistan

Deosai National Park, a hidden gem in Pakistan, claims the title of the world’s second-largest alpine plateau, spanning across an expansive 3626 sq. km. Nestled amidst four prominent mountain ranges—the Karakoram, Ladakh range (Trans-Himalaya), Zanskar range (Trans-Himalaya), and Himalaya—this breathtaking region sits at a lofty elevation of 13,600 feet above sea level. It’s a mesmerizing junction between the Skardu and Astore districts in the Gilgit-Baltistan territory. Deosai National Park is not only a natural wonder but also a thriving habitat for diverse wildlife, making it a coveted destination for both local and international travelers.

Unveiling Deosai: The Land of Giants

The name “Deosai” derives from two words, “Deo” and “Sai,” translating to “Land of Giants.” For ages, myths circulated about this region being haunted by giants, giving rise to its intriguing moniker. However, the locals in Baltistan affectionately refer to it as “Ghbiarsa,” meaning “Summer’s Place” because it is accessible only during the summer months.

Enchanting Attractions

Deosai National Park is a sanctuary of natural beauty and biodiversity, with some areas designated as restricted zones, particularly for the protection of the endangered Brown Bear. Tourists can explore specific zones, making Deosai a prime attraction that draws hordes of visitors annually.

Some of the must-see attractions include:

1. Sheosar Lake: The Jewel of Deosai

• Sheosar Lake graces the plateau like a beauty mark, surrounded by snow-capped hills and lush green patches adorned with wildflowers.

2. Kala Pani: Camping by the Blackwater

• Kala Pani, or the Black Water, is a favored campsite by a stream of the same name. Despite its dark appearance from a distance, the water is crystal clear and frigid, making it an ideal spot for camping amid small green hills.

3. Bara Pani: A Mountain Stream Haven

• Bara Pani, the larger water stream originating from Deosai’s icy mountains, lies between Kala Pani and Ali Malik Mar Pass. It offers an idyllic campsite amid the vast expanse of the park and snow-clad peaks.

4. Ali Malik Mar Pass (Deosai Top): An Adventure Awaits

• Located about 30 km uphill from Skardu, Ali Malik Mar Pass promises an adventurous half-day excursion with panoramic views. It marks the end of Deosai Plains when approaching from the Astore side.

5. Shatoung Nala: The Gateway to Deosai

• Shatoung Nala is an uphill gorge leading to Deosai from Skardu, enveloped by snow-covered mountains. The freshwater stream flowing through it is the primary source of water for Sadpara Lake in Skardu.

Deosai offers various trails to explore, but a top recommendation is walking along the jeep track encircling Sheosar Lake to savor the vast expanse of this natural wonder. For fishing enthusiasts, obtaining a valid license allows for a unique angling experience, while clear, starry nights offer a chance to witness the Milky Way galaxy in profound silence.

Planning Your Deosai Adventure

If you plan to spend a night in Deosai, it’s essential to carry your tents and food, as heavy rains can pose challenges. Careful planning and arrangements are a must, ensuring a comfortable and enjoyable stay amid nature’s splendor.

Flora and Fauna in Abundance

Established in December 1993, Deosai National Park serves as a sanctuary for rare wildlife, particularly the Himalayan brown bear, once freely roaming these mountains. Presently, the park houses approximately 20-28 brown bears, and their population is steadily increasing due to stringent conservation efforts.

This national park boasts a rich diversity of wildlife, including Himalayan Ibex, Snow Leopard, Tibetan Red Fox, wolves, Ladakh Urial, and the Golden Marmot, among 18 different mammal species. Bird enthusiasts will also be delighted by the park’s 209 bird species, both resident and migratory, including the Honred Lard, Citrine Wagtail, Mountain Finch, Eastern Swift, and Craig Martin.

Deosai Plateau, situated between sub-alpine and glacial regions, harbors shrubs and forbs, devoid of trees. It’s renowned for its variety of medicinal and aromatic plants, with 342 plant species from 142 genera and 36 families. Notable species include Artemisia, Aconitum, Jurinea, Rheum, Mentha, Swertia, Valeriana, Verbascum, Viola, Potentilla, Ephedra, Thymus, Saussurea, and Bunium.

A Climate of Extremes

Deosai remains shrouded in snow for most of the year, becoming accessible for only four to six months, typically from June to November. Its environment is characterized by extreme cold, low atmospheric pressure, and minimal oxygen and carbon dioxide levels. Travelers should be wary of arid conditions and intense solar ultraviolet radiation. The plateau experiences higher rainfall than the surrounding valleys due to its proximity to the monsoon-affected outer Himalayas. While July and August generally offer pleasant weather, snowfall is not uncommon during these months. Annual precipitation ranges from 350 to 550 mm, primarily as snow. Daily temperatures fluctuate between -20°C in winter and 12°C in July and August.

Accessing Deosai’s Beauty

Deosai National Park can be accessed from both the Skardu district in the north and the Astor Valley in the west. The journey takes around 9 to 10 hours from Gilgit to Skardu via Astore and Deosai or vice versa. Overnight stays in Astor or within the National Park are advisable for travelers exploring Deosai. Given the high altitude and road conditions, a 4WD vehicle is recommended for a safe and comfortable journey.

In conclusion, Deosai National Park is a pristine sanctuary that beckons adventurers and nature lovers alike. With its remarkable biodiversity, stunning landscapes, and unique flora and fauna, it’s a destination that promises an unforgettable experience amidst the wonders of nature.

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